Swartkrans is an early Pleistocene cave site in South Africa’s Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site. The site has yielded fossils of several early hominin species. Hominin fossil finds in the site include those of Homo ergaster, Paranthropus robustus, and Homo habilis, dating as far back as 2.3 million years ago. These discoveries, along with stone artefacts, bone and horn tools, and evidence of the controlled use of fire, have contributed significantly to our understanding of the evolution of early Homo and Paranthropus, as well as the earliest archaeology of southern Africa [1][2][3].

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