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Petersfels

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Lat/Long:
47.86, 8.8
Country:
Germany
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The Petersfels is a rock formation with cave formations in the Upper Jura in the "Brudertal", a dry valley in the Hegau near Engen in the district of Konstanz. In the former hunting station of reindeer hunters important finds of the Upper Palaeolithic were made.

Around 13,000 to 11,800 years ago (geologically in the Upper Pleistocene), almost exclusively the reindeer, which migrated north in herds in autumn, were hunted here. During this cold period, the Würm glaciation, the average temperature was around −3 °C (today +7 °C). The easily surveyable hose-like terrain of the Brudertal below the Petersfels forms a bottleneck here, a natural trap, which possibly made it possible to catch many animals at once. In addition to reindeer, snow hares in particular were killed, from the bones of which the people of the time laboriously made needles with stone tools for sewing clothing and making shelters from reindeer skins. Archeology has unearthed more than 2,000 of these. Bones of wild horses and grouse were also found.

During the cold phase (Early Dryas period 11,590–11,400 BC), the bearers of the Hamburg culture evidently migrated from the North German Plain to the low mountain range. Evidence of this is provided, for example, by typical notched tips at the Petersfels site.