Sites

Menez Dregan

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Site type:
Cave
Site function:
Habitation site
Lat/Long:
47.98, -4.47
Country:
France
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Menez Dregan is a prehistoric site in the commune of Plouhinec, near Audierne in Finistère (Brittany, France). This collapsed sea cave yielded Lower Paleolithic habitat levels dating back to 350 to 500,000 years AD. Evidence of sustained fires found in the lower levels are among the oldest known in the world: only four other known sites have such ancient outbreaks in Terra Amata (Alpes-Maritimes), Bilzingsleben (Germany), Vértesszőlős (Hungary) and Zhoukoudian (China).

The cave is protected by a shell of metal plates outside the excavation campaigns.

It is part of a prehistoric archaeological complex including the megalithic necropolis of the tip of Souc'h and the covered alley of Porz Poul'han. A discovery trail runs along the coastal path, connecting these three sites. A restored house nearby opened in spring 2012 the interpretation center of the archaeological heritage of Menez Dregan.

Layer 5c yielded a structure consisting of eight stones arranged in a circle, associated with a concentration of charcoal and some flints reddened by the action of fire. The 5e/5 layer yielded a structure composed of six quartz pebbles arranged in an arc surrounding a coal concentration. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that this is a fire in which the fire has been maintained and located. The heated sediments of this focus have been dated by RPE (369,000 +/- 47,000 years BP and 396,000 +/- 45,000 BP).

At the base of the sequence, layers 7 and 9 (465,000 +/- 65,000 years BP) also yielded combustion clues that could correspond to one of the oldest traces of fire controlled by man.