The Grande Baume de Balot is a rock shelter located in the commune of Balot, near Châtillon-sur-Seine, in the north of the Côte-d'Or, in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. On the right bank of the dry bed of a fossil river, the Laigne, is the subject of excavations and archaeological discoveries concerning the prehistory of the Châtillonnais. A few meters from the river on the other bank, a rocky cavity designated as "petite Baume" or "Grotte de la Roche aux Chats" has also yielded archaeological remains.

Neanderthals occupied the Great Balm during the Würm glaciation, around 50,000 years before the present, and it served as a refuge for modern Upper Paleolithic men more than 20,000 years ago. Various animal bones from the last ice age have been discovered there, as well as in the cave of the small Baume (bovids, horse, reindeer, bear, hyena, woolly rhinoceros, and mammoth) and many prehistoric tools (a double-beveled spear, flint scraper, perceiver, point, etc.) belonging to the Mousterian and close to those of Arcy-sur-Cure.